Improvement in churns



` No. 216,885 Patenfedmne 24,1879.

f /W///////I 'l WITNESSES ATTQRNBYS.

N-PETERS. PNOTWLITHOGRAFMER, WASHINGTON. o. 0. Y

UNITED STATES IPATENT OFFICE.

Monnis c. PENNocx, oF ALLiANoE, onto.

IMPROVEMENT lN CHURNS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 216,885, dated June 24, 1879; application iiled January 28, 1879.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, Monats C. PENNocK, of Alliance, in the county of Stark and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Churns, of which the following is a specification.

The invention consists in combining, with the radial ends of dash and the slotted journal-bearing, a fastening and adjustable screw and a tail-pivot bearing with open slots and retaining-wire, all as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical and longitudinal' section of the improved churn. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the same. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are details of the tailpivot box and retaining wire or pin, and Fig. 6 is the tail-pivot.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A is the body, rounded on its under side, with the sides extended up straight. The ends are closed by plates a a let into the body forming the end casing, to which the upright supporting-legs B are fastened at each corner.

The plates c c, placed in contact with the sides of the churn and fastened to the end casing, give strength to the sides.

` in the proper shape and size, and in a manner to allow the grain to run lengthwise of the churn. By having it all in one piece straining and cracking are avoided.

At the front end of the churn a sleeve, d, is passed through the casing and head, and secured by bolts or screws passed through its flange e into the casing. Through this sleeve is passed the crank-shaft f, having on its inside end a ilange,f which bears against the end of the sleeve, and from this is a prismatic projection, f", to engage the similar-shaped socket made in the piece g, attached to the head of the dasher.

At the opposite end of the churn, on the inside, in the same axial line as the sleeve, is

fixed the tail-pivot rest or socket h, composed of the horizontal and vertical open slots 71, h.

D represents the tail-pivot, composedof the i.

the threads cutting into the wood, and thus forming their own nut. Not only does its round end serve as a pivot, but the screw|- working in the arms holds them firmly together at that point, while the dasher is made adjustable. This tail-pivot is screwed through the dasher-head, so that its bearing end projects beyond the end of the dasher, and is placed in the horizontal slot h', when the churn is to be used, by slipping it down through the vertical slot la, and when in place a retaining wire or pin, E, held in staples k, is pushed down, so as to cross the horizontal slot h', and thus retain the pivot in its bearing, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. To take the dasher out, this pin is drawn up and the pivot is lnoved sidewise and then upward.

By the pivot having a screwconnection with the dasher it can loe used to tighten the joint of the crank-shaftf by simply screwing it out. This forces the liange on the shaft against the adjacent end of the sleeve tightly and prevents leakage.

The dasher is composed of two heads, F F', each formed of arms l Z', placed together at right angles. Arms l are joined at their middle, but arms Z are not. These are fixed to arms l, so that the short arm `in head F is opposite the long arm in head F', as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

Arms l are joined at their extremities by paddles m, fixed thereto at an obtuse angle, and having their outsides rounded or convex. Adjacent to these are paddles n, with their faces parallel to the edges of the arms, and with a narrow space, o, between them and paddles m. The two together form a trough-like space, p, in the face of the paddles.

The arms l' are joined at their `extremities by flat paddles q, the faces whereof are parallel with the arms, and are provided with lon gitudinal openings r. These paddles, it will be observed, are inclined to the axis of the dasher,

on account of the unequal lengths of the arms;

to which they are attached. V l Y K.

The churn is operated by a crank applied to shaftf in the direction of the trough-like space p, so that the paddles m n strike the cream and throw it forward until it rushes back through the spaces between the paddles and the sides and ends ot' the churn, and as the fiat paddles q come in contact with it they throw it alternately toward opposite ends ofthe churn. When the butter is brought, by reversing the motion ofthe dasher the convex sides of the paddles m and n, working' as a cam near the sides of the churn, quickly gather the butter and press it into a solid mass, from which the buttermilk can be drawn oi' through the spigot-ho1e s.

.Having thus described my invention7 1 claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patentl. The combination, with the radial ends of the dash and the tail-pivot bearing h, of the fastening and adjusting screw D, as shown and described.

2. The tail-pivot bearing h, with open slots h h to receive-tail-pivot D, and provided with retaining Wire or pin E, to hold the pivot in the horizontal slot., substantially as described.

MORRIS C. PEN N OGK.

Witnesses:

CHARLES S. KEITH, ARTHUR WRIGHT. 

